【英文學習】看懂Fed記者會系列之2021年7月28日記者會

2021年7月28日Fed記者會，說明目前通握膨脹的原因，並表示持續維持低率，直到通膨能確定持續高過2%才會考慮升息。

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原文及翻譯

Today the Federal Open Market Committee kept interest rates near zero and maintained our asset purchases. These measures, along with our strong guidance on interest rates and on our balance sheet, will ensure that monetary policy will continue to support the economy until the recovery is complete.

今天聯邦公開市場委員會決定將利率維持在0%，並且持續購債。上述做法，再加上對於利率及資產負債表地有力政策，我們的貨幣政策能夠持續幫助經濟復甦。

Inflation has increased notably and will likely remain elevated in coming months before moderating. As the economy continues to reopen and spending rebounds, we are seeing upward pressure on prices, particularly because supply bottlenecks in some sectors have limited how quickly production can respond in the near term.

隨著經濟陸續解封及報復性消費，短期通膨明顯成長，物價有上升的壓力，尤其是因著某些產業的供給瓶頸導致短期供不應求的狀況。

Indicators of long-term inflation expectations appear broadly consistent with our longerrun inflation goal of 2 percent. If we saw signs that the path of inflation or longer-term inflation expectations were moving materially and persistently beyond levels consistent with our goal, we’d be prepared to adjust the stance of policy.

長線通膨預測指標顯示仍然為2%，與預期相符。如果長線通膨預測能夠實質維持高過2%，我們會準備好轉換政策。

英文解析

Today the Federal Open Market Committee kept interest rates near zero and maintained our asset purchases.

• 使用kept為過去式，表示開記者會前，FOMC有開過會。
• ...kept...and maintained，說明兩件事，有and連結，特別注意，兩個動詞都用過去式。
• FOMC前面有the。
• interest rates跟asset purchases用複數型，其實是要讓文法正確。

These measures, along with our strong guidance on interest rates and on our balance sheet, will ensure that monetary policy will continue to support the economy until the recovery is complete.

• guidance on，記得是on。
• balance sheet時態轉換成現在式。
• the recovery is complete，不是用competed，所以直接用形容詞complete即可。

Inflation has increased notably and will likely remain elevated in coming months before moderating.

• notably，明顯地。
• 好句型，something will ... before ....

As the economy continues to reopen and spending rebounds, we are seeing upward pressure on prices, particularly because supply bottlenecks in some sectors have limited how quickly production can respond in the near term.

• pressure on prices，pressure加on。
• supply bottlenecks in some sectors，某些產業的供給瓶頸

心得

看完這天的Fed記者會，感覺美國經濟復甦還不是這麼確定，主席Powell說目前0利率的狀況下，長期通膨預期在2%，也就是是否升息還不確定。這是個經濟復甦未明確的意思，因為經濟確實復甦長線通膨在0利率環境下應該很容易超過2%。

加油，大家一定要認真工作、認真消費，讓經濟確實成長，長線通膨預測才能高過2%。

目前的通膨上升Powell說明一定因素來自於某些產業生產瓶頸，所以現在的通膨並不代表是經濟成長造成的。

最後，後面的記者問答時，Powell也有說明，現在的就業率還需要再加油。

看來，聯準會後續的記者會還是要相當注意，才能追蹤美國經濟復甦狀況。

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英文文章來源：https://www.federalreserve.gov，2021/8/13